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IEEE - Referencing Guide

Personal Communication

Information

 Personal communications include

  • conversations
  • electronic bulletin boards
  • emails
  • interviews
  • letters
  • memos
  • messages from discussion lists
  • online chats
  • personal interviews
  • telephone conversations
  • text messages
  • unpublished papers

Include the author and date of the communication in the text itself.

Follow the In Text Citation Guidelines for Citing Personal Communication when referring to a personal communication in text.

Format

Standard format for citation

[#] A.A. Author, private communication, Abbrev. Month, Year. 

 

[#] A.A. Author, "Title of paper", unpublished. 

 

 

Examples

Reference List entries

Personal communication

[1] B. Gates, private communication, Jun. 2006.

[2] Mueller, private communication, Sep. 2018.

Unpublished paper

[3] B. J. Saul, "Engineering in the age of AI," unpublished.

 


See the All Examples page for examples of in-text and reference list entries for specific resources such as articles, books, book chapters, and web pages.