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IEEE - Referencing Guide

Sample Reference List

Formatting Your Reference List

The reference list should appear at the end of your paper. Begin the list on a new page.

The title References should be either left justified or centered on the page.

The reference numbers are enclosed in square brackets and set flush left, forming a column of their own, hanging out to the left of the body of the reference. Use a hanging indent for each reference so the numerical sequence is obvious.

The entries should appear as one numerical sequence in the order that the material is cited in the text of your assignment.

 Do not hyperlink URLs.

An Example

 

  References

[1]  A. Rezi and M. Allam, "Techniques in array processing by means of transformations, " in Control and Dynamic Systems, Vol. 69,  Multidemsional Systems, C. T. Leondes, Ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995, pp. 133-180.
[2]  G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.
[3]  S. M. Hemmington, Soft Science. Saskatoon: Univ. of Saskatchewan Press, 1997.
[4]  N. Osifchin and G. Vau, "Power considerations for the modernization of telecommunications in Central and Eastern European and former Soviet Union (CEE/FSU) countries," in Second Int. Telecommunications Energy Special Conf., 1997, pp. 9-16.
[5] D. Sarunyagate, Ed., Lasers. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
[6] O. B. R. Strimpel, "Computer graphics," in McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 8th ed., Vol. 4. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997, pp. 279-283.
[7]  K. Schwalbe, Information Technology Project Management, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Course Technology, 2004, pp. 32-33.
[8]  M. N. DeMers, Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems, 3rd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley, 2005.
[9]  L. Vertelney, M. Arent, and H. Lieberman, "Two disciplines in search of an interface: Reflections on a design problem," in The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design, B. Laurel, Ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1990. Reprinted in Human-Computer Interaction (ICT 235) Readings and Lecture Notes, Vol. 1. Murdoch: Murdoch Univ., 2005, pp. 32-37.
[10] I. S. Qamber, "Flow graph development method," Microelectron. Reliab., vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1387-1395, Dec. 1993.
[11]  J. U. Duncombe, "Infrared navigation - Part I: An assessment of feasability," IEEE Trans. Electron. Devices, vol. ED-11, pp. 34-39, Jan. 1959.
[12] M. Bell et al., Universities Online: A Survey of Online Education and Services in Australia, Occasional Paper Series 02-A. Canberra: Department of Education, Science and Training, 2002.
[13]  T. J. van Weert and R. K. Munro, Eds., Informatics and the Digital Society: Social, ethical and cognitive issuesIFIP TC3/WG3.1&3.2 Open Conf. on Social, Ethical and Cognitive Issues of Informatics and ICT, July 22-26, 2002, Dortmund, Germany. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.
[14]  P. H. C. Eilers and J. J. Goeman, "Enhancing scatterplots with smoothed densities," Bioinformatics, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 623-628, Mar. 2004. Accessed Sep. 18, 2004. [Online]. Available: https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/20/5/623/213453

[15] Phillips Fox, "Digital agenda review report and recommendations," Attorney-General's Department, Canberra, ACT, Australia, 2004. Accessed: Aug. 21, 2020. [Online]. Available: static-copyright-com-au.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2015/05/R00345-FOX-Final-reportpassword.pdf

[16]  C. Rogers, Writer and Director, Grrls in IT. [Videorecording]. Bendigo, Vic.: Video Education Australasia, 1999.
[17]  L. Bass, P. Clements, and R. Kazman, Software Architecture in Practice, 3rd ed. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 2003. Accessed: Jun. 25, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://learning.oreilly.com/
[18]  D. Ince, "Acoustic coupler," in A Dictionary of the Internet. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. [Online]. Available: www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095347860
[19]  H. K. Edwards and V. Sridhar, "Analysis of software requirements engineering exercises in a global virtual team setup," Glob. Inf. Manag., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 21-41, April-June 2005, doi: 10.4018/jgim.2005040102. [Online]. Available: https://go.gale.com/
[20]   H. K. Edwards and V. Sridhar, "Analysis of software requirements engineering exercises in a global virtual team setup," Glob. Inf. Manag., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 21-41, April-June 2005, doi: 10.4018/jgim.2005040102.
[21]  A. Holub, "Is software engineering an oxymoron?," Softw. Dev. Times, pp. 28-29, March 2005. Accessed: May 23, 2005. [Online].  Available: http://il.proquest.com
[22]  H. Zhang, "Delay-insensitive networks," M.S. thesis, Univ. of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 1997.
[23]  “AlphaCom Communications introduces VMSK technology,” The Business Journal Online, May, 2000. [Online]. Available: http://www.business-journal.com/LateMay00/Alpha.html. [Accessed: May 2, 2000].
[24]  J. Riley, "Call for new look at skilled migrants," The Australian, May 31, 2005. [Online]. Available: http://global.factiva.com
[25]  European Telecommunications Standards Institute, “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB): Implementation guidelines for DVB terrestrial services; transmission aspects,” European Telecommunications Standards Institute, ETSI TR-101-190 V1.3.2, May 2011. Accessed: Aug. 17, 2012. [Online]. Available: www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_TR/101100_101199/101190/01.03.02_60/tr_101190v010302p.pdf
[26]  K. Zito. "Sega to Stop Production of Dreamcast." SFGATE.com. Accessed: Sept. 12, 2004. [Online]. Available: https://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Sega-to-Stop-Production-Of-Dreamcast-2957226.php
[27]  W. D. Scott & Co, Information Technology in Australia: Capacities and opportunities: A report to the Department of Science and Technology. [Microform]. W. D. Scott & Company Pty. Ltd. in association with Arthur D. Little Inc. Canberra: Department of Science and Technology, 1984.
[28] “A ‘layman’s’ explanation of Ultra Narrow Band technology,” Oct. 3, 2003. Accessed: Dec. 3, 2003. [Online]. Available: http://www.vmsk.org/Layman.pdf

 


See the All Examples page for examples of in-text and reference list entries for specific resources such as articles, books, and web pages.